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Overall there are six types of folk poetry, but only three types of folk poetry are popular, namely syair, gurindam and pantun. The following is an example of folk poetry:
1. Pantun
Pantun is a folk poem consisting of four lines, namely two sampiran lines and two body lines. Each line of rhyme consists of 8-12 syllables. The rhyme of the pantun can rhyme ab-ab, aaaa, or aa-bb.
The characteristics of pantun include the following:
- Consisting of four lines
- Each line consists of 8-12 syllables
- The end of each line per stanza rhymes with abab
- The 1st and 2nd arrays are attached
- The 3rd and 4th arrays are the contents
- Contains advice, manners, religious teachings, puzzles
Examples of pantun type folk poetry
What is the use of people weaving
to make traditional clothes
? What is the use of people weaving
to give advice?
Asam caddis,
second gelugur acid, cheerful afternoon acid.
Crying over the corpse in the grave
, remembering that you don’t pray.
Buy peeled peanuts,
peeled peanuts mixed with dates.
If I may, brother, ask
where you are going, sweet lady.
2. Poetry
Difference between Pantun and Poetry (Unsplash)
Syair is a type of folk poetry that originates from Arabia. The poetry is formed by four lines per stanza. In contrast to pantun, all the lines in a poetic stanza are content.
According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) , poetry is defined as old poetry where each stanza consists of four lines and has the same ending sound.
The characteristics of poetry include the following:
- Consisting of four lines
- Each line consists of 8-12 syllables
- Each stanza has the final rhyme aaaa
- All arrays are contents
- Tells a story about an event
Example of pakyat penis pyair poetry
Listen to the story of a story about
a king in the village of Kembayat.
It was composed by a fakir and turned into a saga
. A poem was written and the intention was to
There was a king of a country,
Sutan Agus, the wise besyari.
His origin was a maritime king
. He gave his blessings to the Biaperi trade.
The news is that the owner of
His Majesty’s time was a mighty king.
He didn’t experience any misery
, whether tomorrow or the day after that.
(Bidasari Poetry)
3. Gurindam
Gurindam is a folk poem originating from India. The term gurindam comes from the Indian language, namely Kirindam means “original” or “parable”.
Gurindam is rich in religious and moral values. In fact, people in ancient times made gurindam the norm in life. Gurindam has rhymes ending in aa, bb, or cc.
The characteristics of gurindam are:
- Consisting of two rows
- Each line consists of 8-12 syllables
- The end of each line in a stanza rhymes with aa
- All arrays are contents (1st array is cause, 2nd array is effect)
- Generally contains advice
Examples of gurindam type folk poetry
If your mouth is sharp and rough,
you may be in great danger.
Think first before you speak,
to avoid conflict.
If something happens to you,
your relatives will be in trouble too.
Whoever commits betrayal,
God will curse him.
Whoever does not follow a religion,
his name must never be mentioned.
4. Spells
Illustration of Short English Poetry (Unsplash)
Mantra is a type of folk poetry that is closely related to the customs and beliefs of society. This type of folk poetry is also believed to contain supernatural powers.
Mantra is used as a part of folk poetry that we can learn. In fact, the characteristics of mantras are that they contain rhyme and have magical properties.
The following are the characteristics of the mantra type of folk poetry:
- Consists of a series of words that have rhythm.
- The content is related to supernatural powers.
- Made for a specific purpose.
- The content and concept of the mantra describes the beliefs of society at that time.
- Contains orders or seduction.
- Use pronunciation units.
Examples of folk poetry of the mantra type
Come, soul, come here!
Come on, cheer up, come here
Come, little, come here
Come bird, come here
Come smooth, come here
Don’t be discouraged.
Don’t be discouraged
Don’t make amends.
Don’t make amends
I sit in your worship.
I sit in your praise
. I sit in your praise.
I sit in your wake
(Mantras, Poems and Rhymes in the Midst of Modern Life, Korrie Layun Rampan, 2014)
5. Seloka
The type of Seloka folk poetry is pantun which has several stanzas connected to each other. Another name for seloka is hooked rhyme or chain rhyme.
Characteristics of the Seloka type of folk poetry:
- 1 stanza consists of 4 lines.
- Abab rhyme.
- Lines 1 and 2 are the sampiran and lines 3 and 4 are the contents.
- Each line consists of 4 words.
- A continuous series of rhymes
Examples of Seloka folk poetry
I’ve met love.
Sitting cooped up night and day
until the footpaths don’t give way
. The joints shake
6. Talibun
Talibun is generally used in rhyme reciprocation events as a substitute for one string of four line rhymes. The use of talibun in reciprocating rhymes makes it easier to express ideas in the form of dialogue.
Characteristics of the talibun type of folk poetry:
- It is a kind of free poetry
- There are several lines in duplicate to explain the description
- The content is based on a case told in detail
- Each copy can explain a whole story
- Using other poetry (rhymes or poetry) in its formation
- The language style is broad and commonplace
- Serves to explain something
- It is an important ingredient in creating solace stories
Examples of talibun type folk poetry
Put on a pitiful face.
People around you get annoyed.
Until everyone turns away.
Seek knowledge sincerely
so that later you won’t regret it.
Be ready to face the challenges of the world.